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First, balanced fertilization. According to the demand for nutrients at different stages of vegetable growth, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be used for balanced fertilization. Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to reduce nitrogen, stabilize phosphorus, and increase potassium. Organic fertilizer, NPK and trace elements and fertilizers should be applied together. The instrument can be used for measuring and then fertilizing. It is recommended to use a soil tester.
Second, increase the use of fully cooked organic farmyard fertilizers to improve soil fertility. Organic manure is applied in vegetable fields. Organic colloids are formed during the decomposing process. Organic colloids have strong adsorption ability to cations. When the chemical fertilizers are applied to the soil, the cations are mostly adsorbed by the colloids, so the concentration of the soil solution will not rise. Too high can increase the buffer capacity of soil nutrients and greatly reduce the possibility of fertilizer damage.
Third, control the amount of fertilizer to moderate level is appropriate. As long as the amount of chemical fertilizers is controlled, the fertilizer damage will be greatly reduced. Generally, ammonium bicarbonate should not exceed 30 kg per 667 square meters, and urea should not exceed 10 kg.
Fourth, promote deep-applied, stratified application of all methods, should not be spread on the surface to achieve the integration of soil and fertilizer, so that the fertilizer is evenly distributed throughout the cultivation layer. Acupuncture points should be more than 10 cm from the root of the crop. At the same time, pay attention to fertilization to properly water, keep the soil moist, reduce the solution, to avoid concentration damage.
Fifth, the application of granular fertilizer. At present, there are many compound or mixed grain fertilizers, some of which contain about 15% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, some of which are 10%, and so on. The so-called nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizers. This fertilizer is often in the form of granular fertilizer. Although the total nutrients of granular fertilizers are large, most of them change from quick-acting to slow-acting. The particles need to be softened in the soil, and the nutrients are gradually released. This avoids suddenly causing high concentrations of soil solution and burns the root system.
Balanced and reasonable fertilization will not cause the problem of vegetable fertilizer damage, but it can also increase production. A little attention to details can lead to unexpected results.
How to prevent the problem of vegetable fertilizer damage Vegetables are grown in greenhouses, and the whole greenhouse is sealed. Fertilizer produces large amounts of ammonia, nitrous acid, and other gases. The greenhouses cannot prevent these gases from being discharged normally. Irrigation causes these fertilizers to accumulate in large amounts in the soil, causing physiological barriers to the vegetables. The main manifestations of these are poor root development, less new roots, brown roots, watery leaves above the ground, yellowish-white or light brown leaves, severe leaf dehydration and wilting, and individual plant deaths. After analyzing the symptoms and causes of fertilizer damage, the following measures can be taken:
March 25, 2019