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Valves play a crucial role in fluid control across various industries such as petroleum, chemical processing, power generation, long-distance pipelines, shipbuilding, nuclear energy, cryogenic engineering, aerospace, and marine oil production. The continuous growth of these sectors has driven the development of the valve industry. In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on enhancing the performance, reliability, and cost-effectiveness of valves through improvements in design, materials, and manufacturing processes to meet the increasing demands for high-performance systems.
Valves are used in a wide range of applications, with a vast variety of types and specifications. Their quality and technological level directly impact the development of multiple economic sectors. As a result, strict quality control is essential. Some valves must be certified by international authorities to gain market access. For example, power plant and nuclear valves often require ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) approval, which includes marks like "N," "Nv," and "NPT." Similarly, oil industry valves need to carry the API (American Petroleum Institute) certification to be sold internationally.
With the rapid expansion of the global industrial sector, the valve industry has also experienced significant growth. About 50 years ago, many countries had already established independent valve industries with professional organizations. Examples include valve associations in Europe, the U.S., and the U.K., a valve industry association and research society in Japan, and valve design institutes in the EU and the former Soviet Union. These organizations were formed to enhance production technology and improve competitiveness.
Currently, the valve industry in major industrialized nations shows different scales. In the U.S., there are approximately 77,500 workers in the industry, with 70% being technical and managerial staff. The U.K. has around 80,000, Germany 52,500, Japan 35,000, Italy 15,000, and France 11,519. The number of valve manufacturers varies widely: the U.S. has about 900 companies, with the largest employing up to 3,500 people; Japan has 1,507 companies, with the largest having nearly 900 employees. Germany has 450 manufacturers, while the U.K. has 490. France has 400 valve companies, with the largest employing 1,000 people.
Japan has the most valve manufacturers, while the U.S. has the largest workforce. Japanese workers account for only half the number of U.S. workers, but the total number of companies is nearly double that of the U.S. Most Japanese valve companies are small or medium-sized, with only about 250 larger firms. Since the 1980s, the number of workers in the valve industry has declined slightly in most countries, with the most significant drop occurring in France, where the workforce fell from 21,000 in the 1980s to just over 1,155 by 1980.
In terms of output, the U.S. valve industry generates about $10.74 billion, Germany produces 7.958 billion German marks, Japan 484.143 billion yen, France 6.00 billion French francs (1987), and the U.K. 6.101 billion (1986). The international valve trade market has become increasingly active in recent years, with intense competition. Germany and the U.S. are the strongest players. Germany is the world's largest valve exporter, and in 1985, Italy surpassed the U.S. in valve trade volume. By 1987, developed countries accounted for a large share of global valve imports and exports, with Germany at 22.2%, Italy at 16.5%, the U.S. at 10.9%, Japan at 10.7%, and France at 9.7%. In 1985, the top eight countries in valve trade ranked by volume included Germany at 2,739.8 million German marks, Italy at 2,127.5 million, the U.S. at 1,833.1 million, Japan at 1,683.5 million, and France at 1,545.7 million.
October 06, 2025