On March 1st, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Regulations for Photovoltaic Manufacturing Industry (2018 Edition)", emphasizing the strict control of new photovoltaic manufacturing projects that simply increase production capacity. Among the conditions that should be satisfied in the construction of new and expanded companies and projects, the minimum photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon cells and monocrystalline silicon cells is required to be not less than 19% and 21%, respectively. China's photovoltaic industry operation in 2017 released by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has shown continuous improvement in P-type single-crystal and polycrystalline cell technologies. The average conversion efficiency of conventional production lines has reached 20.5% and 18.8%, respectively. Passivation emitter back contact technology (PERC) has been adopted. The advanced production lines of black silicon technology reached 21.3% and 19.2%, respectively. It can be seen that conventional single-crystal superimposed PERC technology and conventional polycrystal superimposition of black silicon technology can meet the requirements of the 2018 photovoltaic manufacturing industry specification. Therefore, PERC and black silicon technologies will be widely used on single crystals and polycrystals for new construction and expansion projects in 2018. Black silicon technology helps boost efficiency of polycrystalline batteries For polycrystalline cells, black silicon technology is not a new technology. This technology is mainly derived from the popularity of polycrystalline silicon wafers in 2017 and has been promoted. The diamond wire slicing technology can significantly reduce the cost at the silicon end. However, after the diamond wire slicing the polysilicon, the damage layer on the surface of the silicon wafer is reduced, which is not conducive to sueding the silicon wafer using the traditional acid etching scheme. Therefore, the polycrystalline diamond wire must be solved. Cutting suede wool sueding problem. Black silicon technology is the main way to solve this problem. This technology solves the problem of excessive reflection of polycrystalline silicon wafers in diamond wire. Due to the decrease of the surface reflectance, the light absorption capability of the silicon wafer increases, and the efficiency of the battery can be increased. Therefore, the diamond wire cut polysilicon film with black silicon technology process can not only reduce the cost of the silicon wafer but also improve the battery efficiency, and is the only way for the polycrystalline battery to continue to progress. This cost-reduction scheme has been approved by most manufacturers of polycrystalline batteries. At present, the mature technological routes of black silicon technology include dry etching (RIE) black silicon and wet process (MCCE) black silicon. Both techniques have good treatment of defects on the surface of silicon wafers, especially line marks, and the efficiency is very obvious. The dry black silicon can increase the efficiency by 0.4%~0.7% and the wet black silicon by 0.3%~0.5%. Gain, but the investment cost of dry black silicon is relatively higher than that of wet method. The comparison of the two technical routes is shown in the table below. From the current situation of diamond wire cut polycrystalline and wet black silicon technology, the diamond wire cut polycrystalline transformation directly reduces the cost of 0.5-0.8 yuan/piece, and the black silicon processing cost of the company, such as Artes, is controlled at 0.1 yuan/ Slice, power gain increased to 5 watts. Calculated according to the current module prices, the black silicon module has a gain of 0.05 yuan per watt, and the cost only increases by about 0.02 yuan per watt. After superimposing the wet black silicon technology, the gain is greater than the increased cost. The black silicon technology has an advantage. Polycrystalline black silicon can provide additional benefits by superimposing PERC technology, and can achieve the effect of "1+1>2". The integrated production volume of black silicon PERC battery has exceeded 21%. Black silicon technology raises higher requirements for conductive pastes Since the suede after black silicon processing is smaller and finer than the conventional mortar sheet, problems such as imaginary printing, broken grid, and the like are apt to occur for the slurry with small adhesion. Therefore, the black silicon battery puts forward higher requirements on the pull and metallized contact of the conductive paste. Different types of black silicon suede structure, the positive silver paste performance on different black silicon suede surface is not the same. The difference between dry black silicon and ordinary polycrystalline silicon is not significant. Compared to normal polycrystalline suede, wet black silicon may lose more than 50% of the tensile force of the main grid using normal silver. In severe cases, the adhesion of the fine grid may be affected or even dropped off. Therefore, high tensile slurry products have significant advantages in wet black silicon. Sinochem Consulting believes that in 2018, the regulatory requirements of the photovoltaic manufacturing industry will increase the technical access threshold for new construction and expansion projects, and the increasingly fierce competition among photovoltaic companies will mainly focus on technology and efficiency. In the situation where the monocrystalline market is continuously increasing, the use of diamond wire cut polysilicon film with black silicon technology is the only way to enhance the competitiveness of polycrystalline silicon products. In the future, black silicon technology is expected to become the mainstream process route for high-efficiency polycrystalline silicon production, which will bring huge market opportunities for conductive pastes that are applicable to black silicon technology. Suntech's self-developed wet black silicon cells have been successfully mass-produced, and breakthroughs have been made in improving battery conversion efficiency and module power. At present, Wuxi Suntech's black silicon production line is in an active layout and expansion. It is expected that by the first quarter of 2018, the production capacity of Wuxi Suntech's black silicon battery will reach 500MW. 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November 23, 2021