Analysis on the Standardization of Mineral Resources Development and Utilization Plan

I. Analysis of the necessity of the development and utilization plan

The development and utilization of mineral resources has the following four aspects: First, in order to strengthen the management of mineral resources development and utilization in the early stage, strictly control the source of resource utilization, so that the development and utilization of mineral resources can follow the principles of science, rationality and effectiveness. Adhere to the strategy of sustainable development and maximize the benefits for the national economic construction; second, the important basis for the supervision of mining enterprises by the land and resources management department; third, the implementation of the paid right of mining rights, the important technical and economic basis for the evaluation of mining rights The fourth is the macro guidance role for the preliminary design and related design of the mine. Its basic task is to carry out in-depth and meticulous analysis and multi-program comparison of technical, engineering and economic aspects of the mine to be mined, so as to how to use resources, how to maximize the benefits, how to construct mines rationally, and to ensure the scientific use of resources. Comprehensive argumentation, thus providing a basis for the government management department to make scientific decisions on the development and utilization of resources in the mining area.

Compared with the feasibility study report of the project, the development and utilization plan focuses on the utilization of resource reserves and the direction of products. The content requirements of these two aspects are higher than the feasibility study report. The requirements for the preparation of the construction plan, mineral mining, mineral processing and tailings facilities, mining machinery, general map transportation, ventilation and safety, labor quota and economic budget are basically the same as the project feasibility study report.

The preliminary design of the mine or the design of other stages cannot replace the development and utilization plan. It is determined by the following three points: First, the starting point and role are different. The development and utilization plan focuses on researching and determining the rationality and scientificity of resource utilization plans, product directions, utilization rates and benefits, and proposes solutions from mining, mining and selection processes, and environmental protection to achieve identified resource utilization. aims. The development and utilization plan is mainly provided to the land and resources management department to review the rationality of its resource development and utilization. The preliminary design is based on the premise that the mining area resources have been proven and the development and utilization plan has been determined. The comprehensive design of resource mining methods, processes, mine safety, equipment selection, etc. is a technical document to guide mine construction; The requirements are different. The development and utilization plan mainly focuses on the utilization of resources, development benefits, and product direction. Other relevant chapters are only a macroscopic plan. The preliminary design studies the mining, mining methods, equipment selection, ventilation and safety, environmental protection and economic budget. The design depth is high. The mine construction and safety evaluation are based on the preliminary design. The third is the review. The content and review are not the same. The review of the preliminary design is organized and reviewed by the mining right holders, and is mainly composed of experts in geology, mining, general planning, safety, HVAC, electromechanical, economic and other related professional and technical authorities. The review of the development and utilization plan is presided over by the land and resources management department, and the experts are familiar with the geology and mineral management, familiar with the geology laws and policies, as well as experts in geology, mining and mineral processing. It can be seen that the review of the development and utilization plan includes the scientific nature of resource development and utilization, the rationality of industrial development, the legality of mineral rights setting, and the feasibility of development programs.

According to the comparison of the above three aspects, the respective roles and properties of the development and utilization scheme and preliminary design are clarified. The preliminary design can propose new design ideas and more reasonable design plans, but the preliminary design can not violate the requirements of the total resources, resource utilization, product direction and other requirements determined by the development and utilization plan. When these contents change greatly, they must be re-established. Develop development and utilization plans and submit them for approval according to procedures.

Second, the problems in the formation process of mineral resources development and utilization programs

(1) Mining enterprises

The development and utilization plan is one of the necessary documents for applying for a mining license, and it is necessary to entrust a designing unit with corresponding qualifications to prepare a development and utilization plan. However, mining companies have always believed that the development and utilization plan is only a plan and a plan rather than a design, so the time for the design institute is often short and the cost is very low. The development and utilization plan of large mines generally requires the design institute to complete within 15 to 20 days. The medium-sized mines are generally required to be completed within one week, and the small mines are required to be completed within 3 days. As a result, the design unit does not have enough time to study the geological report, and there is no time for on-site reconnaissance. It is difficult to ensure that the development and utilization plan of the preparation does not differ from the preliminary design in the future. The low cost is also the main reason that affects the quality of development and utilization programs. If the cost is very low, it will not invest too much manpower to develop and utilize the program.

(2) Design unit

The design institute generally attaches great importance to the feasibility study, preliminary design and project application report of the construction project, and the professional input is complete. The project leader and the professional leaders are all served by the technical backbone. However, the development and utilization programs often lack sufficient strength. The main reasons are as follows:

1. Insufficient understanding of the role of development and utilization programs. It is believed that the development and utilization plan only serves to handle the mining license. The future construction and production of the mine is carried out according to the preliminary design and construction drawing design. Therefore, the preparation of the development and utilization plan is generally treated as a “short, flat and fast” project. .

2. The laws, regulations and documents concerning the development and utilization of the program are incomplete. Documents related to this aspect are generally only forwarded to the competent mineral resources authorities at all levels. The design institutes cannot see these materials in time, and naturally they do not feel the importance of developing and utilizing solutions.

3. The time that the mining company gave the design institute was too short and the cost was too low. The development of development and utilization programs is a serious task. Studying geological reports and conducting on-site reconnaissance are prerequisites for the development and utilization of the program; for mines with complex mining conditions, it is necessary to go to similar mines for study and inspection. The development and utilization plan after the record has a restrictive effect on the follow-up work of the mine. However, it takes time and expense to study geological reports and conduct site surveys, and for various reasons it is impossible to make progress.

(III) Lack of technical basis for the formation of development and utilization plans

The content of the development and utilization plan has put forward specific writing standards from the aspects of all technical information, market demand, technical feasibility, economic rationality and speciality of mine safety production. It has strong policy and professionalism. Sex, practicality and operability. However, due to the lack of preliminary test basis, the mining recovery rate, mining depletion rate, ore recovery rate and other indicators in the development and utilization program cannot be accurately quantified. Some indicators are still the basis for assessing mining enterprises and collecting mineral resources compensation fees in the future, and their operability is questionable. Most small and medium-sized mines have been designed according to some sporadic test data from other regions and other mines without the mineral processing test. The content is not targeted and general. In particular, the tailings storage facility is designed without any engineering geological data. Therefore, most of its programs cannot be implemented.

(4) Insufficient understanding of development and utilization status

In particular, some mines have been particularly prominent in the expansion and expansion of mines. The common problems in the development and utilization of the preparations are as follows: First, the status quo is simple. No systematic introduction and provision of corresponding maps for resource reserves, existing mining systems, transportation lifting systems, water supply and drainage systems, ventilation systems, power supply systems, general layout, ore dressing facilities, and tailings ponds. Second, the range of resources utilized is unclear. Such as phosphorus ore in western Hubei, there are three seam available, and only one mine when mine construction in the past, and now want to open another mine, so he compiled a layer of mineral exploitation program, there is no overall concept, fragmented . Third, the connection between the original design plan and the new plan is unclear, which makes the mining technology reform investment, economic benefits have illusions, mine safety, environmental protection and other potential risks.

Third, the development and utilization of program procedures standardization recommendations

The “Content Requirements for the Preparation and Utilization of Mineral Resources Development and Utilization Plan” issued by the Ministry of Land and Resources has been implemented for 10 years. It will remain the policy and technical standards that must be followed in resource management and development and utilization for a considerable period of time. With the continuous deepening of China’s mineral resources management reform The role of the development and utilization program is also constantly expanding. In order to adapt the development and utilization plan to the new requirements of mineral resources management under the new situation, the following recommendations are proposed for the standardization of the development and utilization program formation procedures.

(1) Strengthening the rationality demonstration of "design and utilization of resource reserves"

The reserves of mineral resources shall be differentiated from the geological report submitted resource reserves, the designed utilization resource reserves, and the recoverable reserves.

1. The geological report submitted resource reserves include basic reserves and resources. The resource reserves submitted by the geological report must be submitted to the design department as a design basis after being reviewed by a qualified social intermediary organization and filed by the competent land and resources department.

2. The design and utilization of resource reserves is the resource reserve after considering the credibility coefficient of each level of resources based on the resource reserves submitted by the geological report. The calculation formula is as follows:

Design utilization resource reserves = Σ (basic reserves + resources of each level × credibility coefficient of resources of this level)

The reliability factor for each level of resources can be based on the Mining Rights Assessment Guide (2004 Edition).

3. The recoverable reserves are the reserves that can be recovered after deducting various losses from the resource reserves designed and utilized. The calculation formula is as follows:

Recoverable reserves = design utilization resource reserves - design losses - mining losses = (design utilization resource reserves - design losses) × mining recovery rate

The design loss typically includes the final side-cut amount of open-pit mining design, the boundaries of underground mining design, the amount of permanent pillars left by industrial plazas, wellbores, alleys, and permanent structures.

To obtain a state investment of reserves and mining enterprises to invest resources available reserves of geological exploration distinguished with its own funds. Because of the use of the state's investment in resource reserves, mining companies have to pay the price of mining rights, and the mining companies to use their own funds to explore the reserves do not have to pay the mining rights price.

(2) Strengthening the research on the status quo of mine reconstruction and expansion, and improving the rationality of development and utilization plans

There are six aspects to the expansion and expansion of new and old design schemes for mines: one is the change in resource reserves, the direction of production and the scale of production; the second is to renovate and adjust the system; the third is the capacity and performance of the transportation system and its equipment. The fourth is the safety design system and the safety control of the original mining area; the fifth is the transformation and adjustment of the power supply and water supply systems; and the sixth is the improvement and improvement of environmental protection measures. It can be seen that in the preparation and development of the mine resource development and utilization plan, it is very important to study the status quo. The development and utilization plan should not only aggravate the current situation, but also prepare a detailed development and utilization status map.

(3) Strengthening research on preliminary work and improving the comprehensive utilization of resources

The focus here is on the experimental study of strengthening the beneficiation program. In terms of national and Hubei, the low-grade ore, were associated ore accounted for more than 70% of proven mineral resources, such as Hubei, more than 90% of phosphate rock beneficiation enrichment required before use, mineral hematite ore is At present, the other topics are low-grade iron ore, manganese , vanadium , rutile, etc. The research of mineral processing technology and the determination of mineral processing plan are the key to scientific and rational use of mineral resources. Due to the particularity of its beneficiation, the safety of the corresponding tailings facilities and environmental protection have become the focus of development research. The development and utilization of metal minerals and chemical minerals in Hubei Province, most of them need to take the road of mineral processing. It is suggested that the mining right holders and design units can refer to the contents and depth regulations of the feasibility report of the black metallurgical mine prepared by the Hubei Provincial Metallurgical Design Institute in 1991. 》, “Regulations on the Content and Depth of the Feasibility Study Report of Chemical Mining Projects” (Chemical Development [1995] No. 628), two documents, and the chapter on mineral processing technology in the development and utilization plan.

(4) Strengthening safety production and environmental protection

It is necessary to analyze the possible risk factors of the mining process, and propose safety facilities and management measures for safety production and environmental protection. The safety production and environmental protection facilities of the mine construction project must be designed, constructed and put into production and use at the same time as the main project. The design of safety facilities for mine construction projects must be reviewed by the safety production supervision and management department. The design of environmental protection facilities must be reviewed by the competent environmental protection department.

(V) Strengthening the feasibility study of technical and economic evaluation

The development and utilization of mineral resources is not only technically feasible, but also economically reasonable. If a project is technically feasible, but it is not economically viable, the investment can not achieve the expected results, and even the investment can not be recovered. This project is not advisable. Therefore, on the basis of technical feasibility, the necessary economic evaluation of the program is required.

To calculate the annual sales income of the project (depending on the mine production and sales rate of 100%, annual sales income equals the annual output value), total cost, total profit, income tax, net profit and total investment, investment profit rate, sales profit rate, and investment Indicators such as deadlines. Through these indicators, it can be initially judged whether the project is economically feasible.

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