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At present, how to dissipate heat is the core problem in LED product design. Let's take a look at how the heat dissipation problem in LED lighting design should be analyzed and controlled.
I. LED lighting design heat dissipation analysis The design of LED lighting system below 25 watts is generally used for table lamps, living room spotlights, home dining lights, nightlights, etc. Even so, most of the low power is less than 25 watts. LED lighting applications will also require a certain degree of miniaturization. This often leads to higher power densities, although its power consumption is not very large. In this case, sufficient thermal management measures are required to be provided by improving the mechanical structure.
In addition, high electrical efficiency also helps reduce power consumption. Another idea to prevent the LED from working overheating for a long time is to use a dimming solution. In fact, in this power range, LED lights will replace halogen lamps and compact fluorescent lamps. In addition, in order to get rid of heat dissipation problems, passive components that are sensitive to temperature changes must be removed.
However, most current LED driver solutions are based on the power supply topology and are based on this, so temperature range limitations should be considered, as general products are usually based on commercial standards, but the lights must be able to adapt to harsh environments. .
Second, the LED lighting design of the thermal control program In the rapid development of LED lighting design, most people focus on the highlighting (HB) LED dimming control strategy. However, the nature of HBLED lighting applications requires us to shift more attention to thermal control. While LED manufacturers are reducing the technical barriers to HBLED lighting design by dramatically increasing lumens per watt, there is still more energy converted to heat to be emitted than light output. Therefore, an overall strategy for thermal management is needed to ensure that the heat dissipated by the LED can be controlled as a function of temperature. Unlike incandescent and tungsten light bulbs, high power LEDs do not radiate heat. In contrast, the LED conducts the heat of its PN junction to the heat sink metal block of the LED package. Since the heat generated by the LEDs is transmitted in a conductive manner, this heat requires a longer, more expensive path to be completely dissipated into the air. At present, one of the biggest obstacles to the commercialization of HBLED general lighting is the heat dissipation problem. Therefore, whether the problem can be solved completely and effectively can be said to be the key to winning customers.
The electronic control circuit must be able to handle the trigger point settings and gain settings. In fact, LEDs need to be able to cope with three potential sources of heat: self-heating, ambient temperature and LED electronic control. The use of a variable resistor as a dimming element is also impractical for HBLEDs because the power consumed on the resistor is too large and requires a dedicated winding resistor. In the case where the resistance is close to the position of the LED, the additional heat generated by the resistor will only make the heat dissipation problem worse. The pass element can also be a transistor, and it can be seen that its power dissipation occurs on the transistor, not the variable resistor.
This approach provides more flexibility by generating a logarithmic response and a negative or positive temperature coefficient thermistor for thermal control and brightness definition. The simplest implementation of LED thermal control using thermistors uses a PTC component. The PTC component increases the nominal low resistance with temperature up to its trigger point.
June 25, 2021