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Beryllium Copper is widely used in the electronics and telecommunications industries. Research indicates that nearly half of all beryllium copper is utilized in this sector for manufacturing telecommunication infrastructure, computers, and mobile phones, enabling modern communication. Its unique properties, such as high electrical conductivity and strength, make it a vital material in today's technological landscape.
The following sections will explore the various applications, properties, and processes related to Beryllium Copper:
**Table of contents**
- Applications of Beryllium Copper in Electronics
- BeCu Electrical Conductivity
- Grades of Beryllium Copper
- C17200 Beryllium Copper Heat Treatment Process
- Beryllium Copper Alloys Composition
- BeCu Mechanical Properties
- Cryogenic Temperatures Properties of Berylco 25
- Beryllium Copper Alloys Physical Properties
- Applications of Beryllium Copper in Telecommunications
**C17200 Beryllium Copper in Fiber Optic Cables**
C17200 Beryllium Copper is commonly used in fiber optic cables due to its exceptional properties. It offers high tensile strength, good electrical conductivity, and excellent formability. Additionally, it provides remarkable fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, and maintains its mechanical integrity at high temperatures.
Key features include:
- **High Tensile Strength**: Achieved through precipitation hardening, allowing it to withstand high bending pressures.
- **Good Electrical Conductivity**: Ideal for high-current applications.
- **Formability**: Easily shaped into complex forms without requiring additional heat treatment.
- **Fatigue Strength**: Ensures long-term durability under repeated stress.
- **Corrosion Resistance**: Protects against harsh environments.
- **Heat Resistance**: Retains mechanical properties across a wide temperature range.
**Applications of Beryllium Copper in Electronics**
Beryllium Copper is used in various electronic components, including:
- Fuse Clips
- Electrical Switch / Relay Blades
- Switch Parts
- Relay Parts
- Spring Connectors
- Connectors
- Contact Bridges
- Current Carrying Components
- Belleville Washers
- Clips
- Navigational Instruments
**BeCu Electrical Conductivity**
The electrical conductivity of Beryllium Copper can be calculated using the formula:
**C (%IACS) = 1.7241 / Ï20 × 100**, where Ï20 is the alloy’s resistivity at 20°C.
| Alloy | Before Ageing | After Standard Ageing | Mill Hardened |
|-------|----------------|------------------------|----------------|
| Berylco 14 & 8 | 22–25% IACS | 45–48% IACS | 45–65% IACS |
| Berylco 25 & 165 | 15–18% IACS | 22–23% IACS | 20–28% IACS |
**Grades of Beryllium Copper**
| Grade | Machinability Rate | Weldability | Forging Temperature | Hot Working | Cold Working | Annealing | Application |
|-------|--------------------|-------------|----------------------|-------------|--------------|------------|-------------|
| UNS C17200 | 20% | Coated metal arc welding, butt welding, spot welding, seam welding, gas shielded arc welding | 649–816°C | Good | Excellent | 774–802°C | Electrical connectors, current-carrying springs, welding electrodes, precision screw machined parts |
| UNS C17510 | – | Seam welding, butt welding, gas shielded arc welding, brazing | 648–885°C | Excellent | Excellent cold working capacity | – | Current-carrying springs, precision screw machined parts, bearings, electrical/electronic connectors |
| UNS C17000 | 20% | Brazing, Gas shielded arc welding, Coated metal arc welding, Soldering | 649–816°C | Good | Excellent | 774–802°C | Electrical/electronic connectors, current-carrying springs |
| UNS C17500 | – | Seam welding, butt welding, brazing, soldering | 649–885°C | Good hot forming capacity | Excellent | – | Electrical/electronic connectors, corrosion resistant components |
| UNS C17300 | 20% | Gas shielded arc welding, Brazing, Soldering | 649–816°C | Excellent | Excellent | 774–802°C | Bearings, precision screw machined parts, current-carrying springs |
**CDA 172 Beryllium Copper**
CDA 172 Beryllium Copper is highly resistant to corrosion, radiation, and heat. It exhibits excellent resistance to stress corrosion and performs better than materials like copper-nickel or aluminum bronze in seawater. The age-hardening process creates a protective oxide layer on its surface, enhancing its durability at high temperatures.
**C17200 Beryllium Copper Heat Treatment Process**
The heat treatment process involves two main stages:
1. **Solution Annealing**
- Prepare the alloy for age hardening.
- Dissolve beryllium in the copper matrix.
- Soaking temperature: 750–800°C (1380–1470°F).
- Soaking time: 30 minutes to 1 hour.
- Cool quickly in water or oil.
2. **Age Precipitation**
- Develop desired strength and hardness.
- Temperature: 300–400°C (570–750°F).
- Duration: 1–2 hours for high-strength applications.
- Cool to room temperature.
**Beryllium Copper Alloys Composition**
| Alloys Designation | Beryllium (Be) | Cobalt (Co) | Nickel (Ni) | Ni+Co | Co+Ni+Fe | Lead (Pb) | Al | Cu |
|--------------------|----------------|-------------|-------------|--------|-----------|-----------|----|----|
| NGK Berylco B14 | 0.2–0.6 | – | 1.8–2.5 | – | – | – | – | 99.5 min |
| NGK Berylco B8 | 0.2–0.6 | – | 1.4–2.2 | – | – | – | – | 99.5 min |
| NGK Berylco B7 | 0.2–0.4 | – | – | 1.8–2.5 | – | – | 0.6 max | 99.5 min |
| NGK Berylco B25 | 1.8–2.0 | 0.3 max | – | – | 0.6 max | – | – | 99.5 min |
| NGK Berylco B33/25 | 1.8–2.0 | 0.3 max | – | – | 0.6 max | 0.2 min | – | 99.5 min |
| NGK Berylco B165 | 1.6–1.8 | 0.3 max | – | – | 0.6 max | – | – | 99.5 min |
**BeCu Mechanical Properties**
| Property | UNS C17200 | UNS C17510 | UNS C17000 | UNS C17500 | UNS C17300 |
|----------|------------|------------|------------|------------|------------|
| Hardness (Rockwell B) | 80.0–85.0 | 35 | 60 | 35 | 6 |
| Tensile Strength | 1280–1480 MPa | 310 MPa | 483 MPa | 310 MPa | 469 MPa |
| Yield Strength | 965–1205 MPa | 172 MPa | 32100–170000 psi | 172 MPa | 145000–175000 psi |
| Elongation | 15.0–30% | 28% | 45% | 28% | 48% |
**Cryogenic Temperatures Properties of Berylco 25**
| Temperature (°C) | YS 0.2 (N/mm²) | UTS (N/mm²) | Young Modulus E (N/mm²) | A% on 25mm (%) | Charpy Impact (N/mm²) |
|------------------|----------------|-------------|--------------------------|------------------|------------------------|
| –100°C | 1080 | 1380 | 131000 | 8 | 6.9 |
| –200°C | 1170 | 1490 | 134000 | 9 | 9.6 |
| 20°C | 980 | 1340 | 123000 | 5 | 5.5 |
| –150°C | 1110 | 1400 | 131000 | 9 | 8.3 |
**Beryllium Copper Alloys Physical Properties**
| Property | B165 | B25/B33/25 | B8 | B14 | B7 |
|----------|------|-------------|----|-----|----|
| Specific Heat | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Melting Point | 890–1000°C | 865–980°C | 1005–1070°C | 1030–1070°C | 1050–1085°C |
| Electrical Resistivity (max) | 7.8 | 7.9 | 3.1 | 3.8 | 5.4 |
| Coefficient of Linear Expansion | 17.5 | 17.3 | 17.6 | 18 | 17.6 |
| Density | 8.35 g/cm³ | 8.26 g/cm³ | 8.75 g/cm³ | 8.75 g/cm³ | 8.71 g/cm³ |
| Thermal Conductivity | 90–135 W/m.K | 84–130 W/m.K | 167–260 W/m.K | 167–260 W/m.K | 148–194 W/m.K |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 128000 N/mm² | 130000 N/mm² | 132000 N/mm² | 132000 N/mm² | 127000 N/mm² |
| Fatigue Resistance | 300 N/mm² | 300 N/mm² | 240 N/mm² | 240 N/mm² | 250 N/mm² |
| Electrical Conductivity | 25% IACS | 25% IACS | 63% IACS | 50% IACS | 38% IACS |
| Magnetic Permeability | 1.000042 | 1.000042 | 1.000031 | 1.000031 | 1.000027 |
| Modulus of Rigidity | 49000 N/mm² | 50000 N/mm² | 52000 N/mm² | 52000 N/mm² | 49000 N/mm² |
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
**Applications of Beryllium Copper in Telecommunications**
Beryllium Copper is essential in telecommunications for:
- **Connectors and Contacts**: Ensure reliable signal transmission and long-lasting performance.
- **Switches and Relays**: Offer excellent conductivity and wear resistance.
- **Heat Sinks**: Help manage heat in electronic devices.
- **Shielding**: Provide efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) protection.
- **Spring Contacts**: Enhance longevity in circuit boards.
- **Grounding**: Reduce electrical noise and improve safety.
- **Terminals and Clips**: Secure and stable electrical connections.
In summary, Beryllium Copper plays a critical role in both electronics and telecommunications due to its superior electrical and mechanical properties. Whether in fiber optics, connectors, or shielding, its versatility makes it an indispensable material in modern technology.
June 27, 2025