If you're fortunate enough to own a building, you'll need to ensure that you comply with all the legal lighting requirements—or else you could face some serious consequences, especially if the building is frequently used by others.

In the UK, we pride ourselves on having strict health and safety regulations, and emergency lighting is no different! Don't worry though, this quick guide will provide you with a straightforward overview of the legal requirements when it comes to emergency lighting in a UK building.

We'll cover:

  • The code of practice (and where to find it)
  • Where emergency lights need to be installed
  • The best types of LED lights to use
  • Operational requirements
  • And, of course, maintenance and testing practices

While setting up emergency lighting might seem like a hassle, it's something you only need to do once—and it’s definitely worth doing right. Proper visibility can make all the difference in an emergency situation, so it’s crucial that we get it right.

With that said, let’s dive into your emergency lighting setup.

Legal Requirements

When it comes to emergency lighting, our "bible" is the BS 5266-1 code of practice. This document outlines everything from the installation process to the testing and maintenance of emergency lighting systems.

Although this article gives you a brief overview, you are responsible for ensuring full compliance with the entire code. You can purchase it from the BSI website, but it does come at a cost of a few hundred pounds. A free summary version is also available online.

To give you a better idea, here's an overview of the key sections:

Installation: This includes specific guidelines for the placement of lights to ensure all escape routes are well-lit. A risk assessment needs to be conducted to determine the optimal emergency lighting coverage for your premises.

Maintenance and Testing: Regular testing is mandatory under the law. BS 5266-1 recommends monthly tests and an annual test that involves running the emergency lights on battery power for a full three hours, known as the 'full-rated duration test.' You must keep records of all tests for audit purposes.

Commissioning: Every emergency lighting system must be commissioned upon installation, and a certificate should be issued to confirm compliance with necessary standards, including BS EN 1838 for luminance levels.

Responsibility: As the building owner, you are legally obligated to ensure these systems are maintained and tested. Failure to do so could result in legal trouble, so it's important to get it right!

Automatic Systems: While maintained systems, which remain lit constantly, are an option, non-maintained automatic lights that activate during power outages are more common. These must still adhere to regulations by providing adequate illumination along all escape routes.

Remember, your legal obligations include adhering to the Fire Safety Order and Building Regulations, and ensuring a thorough fire risk assessment is carried out to protect the safety of everyone inside the building during emergencies.

Best Types of LED Lights for Emergency Lighting

Selecting the right emergency lighting can be a tough decision, especially since you may need to purchase multiple units—or even dozens of them!

LED lights are the industry standard for emergency lighting due to their:

  • Low energy consumption (allowing for smaller, less expensive batteries)
  • Compact size (making them easy to install without being intrusive)
  • Brightness (critical in emergency situations)
  • Reliability (durable and long-lasting).

When it comes to specific LED lights, we highly recommend our LED Bulkhead Lights equipped with 3-hour emergency batteries, paired with Emergency Exit Lights.

For more discreet lighting solutions, we also offer small LED spotlights with the same 3-hour battery life, specifically designed for emergency use.

Emergency Exit Lights are a legal necessity and universally recognized as emergency symbols. We provide hanging emergency exit lights, bulkhead lights, and wall-mounted options.

LED Bulkhead Lights might not win any design awards, but they are incredibly resilient and reliable. They are easy to install, and we offer models with batteries that last over 3 hours to meet your BS 5266-1 requirements.

Where to Place Emergency Lights

Once you’ve decided on the type of lights to buy, the next step is deciding where to place them.

It’s essential to ensure that escape routes are clearly lit and visible from every part of the building.

In particular, emergency lighting should be placed:

  • At direction changes
  • Near exits
  • By any changes in floor level
  • All the way to the final exit door.

For open area lighting (or anti-panic lighting), aim to sufficiently illuminate large spaces to prevent panic during an emergency. These areas require a minimum of 0.5 lux of lighting.

High-risk task area lighting should be installed in locations where hazardous processes or safety-critical tasks are performed. This ensures that such tasks can be safely shut down in an emergency, allowing occupants to evacuate without added risk.

Your design and installation should include sufficient lighting to highlight fire-fighting equipment and call points.

Regular testing and maintenance are also required.

In hotels or residential buildings, consider adding extra lighting in rooms and corridors to guide guests unfamiliar with the escape routes.

Testing & Maintenance

BS 5266-1 requires that your emergency lighting is tested quarterly (every 3 months) with a larger annual test.

Quarterly tests are as simple as turning off the power at the circuit breaker and walking through the building to ensure all emergency lighting is functioning.

Once a year, you need to conduct a test to ensure your lighting lasts for the full 3 hours. Fortunately, the batteries are rechargeable, so they’ll charge back up once the power is restored.

Make sure to log every test in case you get audited. This doesn’t need to be overly complicated—just a notebook with dates, test results, and notes will suffice. For convenience, we also offer Self-Testing emergency lights.

Lighting The Way

Thank you for reading our emergency lighting guide.

While it might feel like a chore, ensuring proper lighting setup means you and your team can rest easier knowing you’re prepared for any situation. For emergency lights or virtually any other LED light, be sure to check out our products. We offer a 4-year warranty on our lights, and we’re always here to assist you with choosing the right lights—or determining how many you need. If you have any questions, feel free to reach out to us via our contact page.

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