The development of agricultural machinery cooperatives is in urgent need of improvement

Agricultural Machinery Cooperatives--the main force in the agricultural machinery social service organization

The combination of agricultural machinery socialization services and agricultural machinery public services complements and provides agricultural and industrial services for agricultural production, which together constitute an important force for promoting the development of agricultural mechanization. However, in general, due to the insufficient understanding of the socialized service of agricultural machinery, theoretically, the basic framework and operational mechanism of agricultural machinery socialization services are lack of in-depth research. The degree of socialized service of agricultural machinery in China is not high, and the strength of service entities is not high. Strong, agricultural machinery and public service capacity construction is obviously lagging behind and other issues are objective. Of course, pointing out the deficiencies should also be objectively affirmed. Since the reform and opening up, China's agricultural machinery and agricultural machinery service organizations have developed rapidly. The agricultural machinery socialized service capacity has continued to improve. The service methods have been continuously innovated, and the service efficiency has been further improved. A development path of agricultural mechanization with Chinese characteristics has been explored. The level of agricultural mechanization in China has been continuously improved, not only saving money, but also improving the ability of agriculture to withstand natural disasters and labor productivity.

The development of agricultural machinery cooperatives is in urgent need of improvement

Speaking of agricultural machinery socialization services, we must talk about the agricultural machinery cooperatives, the main force of agricultural machinery social service organizations. After more than 20 years of exploration and efforts, China's rural areas have seen a variety of service organizations. As the main force in the socialized service organization of agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery cooperatives play a vital role in the socialized service of agricultural machinery.

First of all, the agricultural machinery cooperatives have enhanced the market management capacity of scattered farmers' families and protected the interests of farmers to a certain extent. It played an important role in organizing farmers to enter the market, develop industrial intensive management, improve agricultural competitiveness, and increase farmers' income. It unites decentralized single-family growers to form an overall economic organization that effectively mitigates the impact of factors such as capital, technology, information, risk resistance, and price volatility.

Secondly, the agricultural machinery cooperatives are the demonstrators of the promotion and application of new technologies in agriculture and rural areas and the leaders of the new rural construction. It enables agricultural machinery operators to face the ever-changing market in an organized way and become an important force in promoting agricultural mechanization, developing modern agriculture, building a new socialist countryside, and advancing agricultural science and technology. At the same time, it resolves the contradiction between large machinery and small plots. Mechanization was realized in the whole process of crop varieties; the integration and supporting capacity was improved; the application of new agricultural machinery technology was promoted, and the new technology and new equipment for agricultural machinery were widely promoted.

In addition, the “three summers” cross-regional operation has made the role of agricultural machinery cooperatives more prominent in the socialized service of agricultural machinery. For example, in 2012, all localities vigorously developed agricultural machinery cooperatives, which was called “a crazy year” of agricultural machinery cooperatives. During the “three summers” period, local agricultural machinery cooperatives became the mainstay of the wheat cross-regional market, and they relied on the number and variety of machines. Advantages, quality of service and credibility, and actively innovate service models, and join hands to embrace the market.

In addition, while promoting the development of agricultural machinery in China, agricultural machinery cooperatives have also spawned a number of new professional farmers. Among them, the chairman of the Agricultural Machinery Cooperative is a typical representative of the new professional farmers. They have a certain level of knowledge, understand the agricultural machinery and agricultural machinery market, and are also good at business. Under them, the agricultural machinery cooperative not only promotes land circulation, expands the scale of agricultural operations, improves the agricultural production and management system, and transforms the agricultural development mode, but also broadens the agricultural machinery service field, increases the land output rate, and enhances the comprehensive agricultural production capacity. It has boosted farmers' income.

The development of agricultural machinery cooperatives is frequent, how to borrow?

In the process of growing things, there will inevitably be problems of one kind or another. The development of agricultural machinery cooperatives is no exception, and many problems are frequent. Since we have found a problem, we must find a solution to the problem. This "Notice" is the "one bowl of rice" provided for the development of the "Hunger" agricultural machinery cooperative. The development of agricultural machinery cooperatives, how to borrow from the "Notice", seize the opportunity, and grow rapidly? The author has the following thoughts:

The government's support is not enough, and the investment in agricultural machinery is still insufficient. The development of agricultural machinery cooperatives is inseparable from the government's support and support. However, the actual situation is not satisfactory. On the one hand, the agricultural machinery cooperatives still face less subsidies for purchase subsidies, the subsidy standards are still low, the scope of subsidies is limited, and there is a big gap with the urgent needs of farmers, which cannot satisfy the growth of agricultural machinery cooperatives. On the other hand, the fuel subsidies for agricultural machinery engaged in agricultural production have not been implemented; on the other hand, the special funds for the government to support the construction and development of agricultural machinery cooperatives are lacking. These three mountains have always dragged the pace of the agricultural machinery cooperatives to run forward, making them difficult.

In response to the stumbling block on the development of agricultural machinery cooperatives, the Notice requires that the provincial pilot funds should maintain a certain degree of continuity and concentration. The capital of each pilot county should not be less than 10 million yuan in principle. In addition, the pilot counties should focus on the realization of the full-scale socialized service of agricultural production, select key support varieties and support links to promote pilot projects in a contiguous manner to avoid capital fragmentation. This means that the construction and development of agricultural machinery cooperatives may be supported by special funds, and the investment in agricultural machinery is expected to increase, which has alleviated the embarrassing situation that the cost of agricultural machinery cooperatives is too high and the benefits are very small.

Second, the macro-control is not strong enough, and the proportion of the operating market is out of balance. With the continuous development of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy, the level of agricultural machinery and equipment has been greatly improved, and the agricultural machinery operations have become diversified, specialized, industrialized, order service, contract service, entrusted service, land transfer service, cross-regional service, etc. A large number of increases, there are competition areas, big hits, "price smashing", unstable operating market, not extensive service areas, and impaired agricultural machinery operating efficiency; and then some areas of agricultural machinery can not basically meet market requirements, each During the busy season, the operating market is very large, and there are few situations in which there are fewer machines in the field. In fact, there is only the use of humans and animals in the field, which increases the cost of farming. These all affect the operational efficiency of agricultural machinery cooperatives and become a potential threat to the healthy development of agricultural machinery cooperatives.

To this end, the "Notice" clearly requires that the pilot will adopt the government to purchase socialized services, or the government supports agricultural producers to purchase socialized services, etc., focusing on supporting the whole process of socialized production of major agricultural products such as grain, cotton, oil and sugar, and the integration of livestock and poultry manure. use. At the same time, it also emphasizes that the relationship between the government and the market should be handled well. The government in which the market mechanism can function effectively does not intervene. The financial funds are mainly used for the key and weak links in which the market mechanism is difficult to play, and the socialized services and livestock and poultry of agricultural production are realized. Policy objectives for the comprehensive utilization of manure. These regulations effectively promote the country to take the role of socialized service and better play the role of optimal allocation of resources. The market economy itself has inherent weaknesses and shortcomings such as spontaneity, blindness and lag. The government's purchase of social services or the government's support for agricultural producers to purchase socialized services directly play the role of national macro-control. The role has made up for the shortage of the agricultural machinery market mechanism and regulates the production and competition of agricultural machinery cooperatives.

Third, the scale of family business is small, and the problem of land transfer scale operation is outstanding. Most rural households in China have small scales of operation, small land transfer area, and complex planting varieties. “It is a habit to cultivate one's own family, grow it yourself, organize it, unify standards, and order seedlings and machine insertion.” Therefore, it has affected the effectiveness of agricultural machinery cooperatives. In addition, the development of agricultural machinery cooperatives has created a good foundation for land transfer and the implementation of land scale operation. However, the high land outflow price and the imperfect infrastructure of land transfer operation have damped the enthusiasm of the land transfer operation of agricultural machinery cooperatives.

Such a contradiction is urgently needed to be improved. The "Notice" calls for the transformation from small-scale decentralized services to large-scale construction services, from resource-consumption production methods to intensive modern agricultural production methods, promoting mechanization, large-scale and intensive development of agriculture, improving agricultural ecological environment, and improving Agricultural production efficiency and enhanced agricultural comprehensive production capacity. From this, we can easily find that the necessary prerequisite for realizing the whole process of mechanization, scale and intensive development of agriculture is to speed up land circulation. The smooth flow of land will change from small to large, from consumption to intensive, in order to improve production efficiency. In essence, the "Notice" calls for deepening land circulation, and the state's support for accelerating land transfer will indirectly broaden the market for the development of agricultural machinery cooperatives, provide convenience, and escort.

In summary, it can be seen that the improvement of the social level of China's agricultural machinery is not a problem that can be solved in a short period of time. It is a long and arduous process that requires long-term efforts and repeated practice. The development of agricultural machinery cooperatives is related to the process of agricultural modernization in China, to the sustainable development of agriculture, and to whether the rice bowls in our hands are their own food. By means of the "Notice", the growth of the agricultural machinery cooperatives will turn the pain everywhere into a painful place, turn the pain into a pain point, and turn the pain point into nowhere. This kind of agriculture is the foundation of a truly invincible country.

(Original title: Agricultural machinery socialization services helped promote the development of agricultural machinery cooperatives.)